Prior to titling, land demarcation in combination with a consultative land use planning process can change investment behavior. The evaluation found that shortly after village level land demarcation, households increased long term investments, including trees and perennials. The investment effects could have been caused by a sense of tenure security provided by the village land use planning and demarcation alone or due to the expectation of titles to be provided at a later date. However, even without land certificates provided, investments in perennial crops remained significant at the endline.
Lesson Learned