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Lesson Learned

Developing cooperatives requires significant time and behavior change on the part of member farmers, perhaps more so in the case of second-order cooperatives: It is critical to program sufficient time and on-the-ground engagement to provide farmers with the necessary information, build trust across stakeholders, and troubleshoot other behavioral and sociocultural barriers to successful operation of such a demanding financial and operational venture.

Developing cooperatives requires significant time and behavior change on the part of member farmers, perhaps more so in the case of second-order cooperatives: It is critical to program sufficient time and on-the-ground engagement to provide farmers with the necessary information, build trust across stakeholders, and troubleshoot other behavioral and sociocultural barriers to successful operation of such a demanding financial and operational venture.