Without intercropping, the activity impact on household farmers would be negative during the first five years since it takes a few years before olive trees enter into production and about 10 years to reach full productivity. Intercropping, which is considered as one of the main sources of soil erosion, has been included in the estimation of the project ERR. Most of all, it is a critical variable in this project because it compensates for the income forgone after plantation.
Lesson Learned